ceramic

Adjective

ceramic (not comparable)

1. made of material produced by the high temperature firing of inorganic, nonmetallic rocks and minerals.

   A ceramic vase stood on the table.

Noun

Wikipedia ceramic (countable and uncountable; plural ceramics)

1. (uncountable) A hard brittle material that is produced through burning of nonmetallic minerals at high temperatures

   Joan made the dish of ceramic.

2. (countable) An object made of this material

   Joe had dozens of ceramics in his apartment.

A ceramic is an inorganic, non-metallic solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling. Ceramic materials may have a crystalline or partly crystalline structure, or may be amorphous (e.g., a glass). Because most common ceramics are crystalline, the definition of ceramic is often restricted to inorganic crystalline materials, as opposed to the non-crystalline glasses.

The earliest ceramics were pottery objects made from clay, either by itself or mixed with other materials, hardened in fire. Later ceramics were glazed and fired to create a colored, smooth surface. Ceramics now include domestic, industrial and building products and art objects. In the 20th century, new ceramic materials were developed for use in advanced ceramic engineering; for example, in semiconductors.

The word ceramic comes from the Greek word "κεραμικός" (keramikos), "of pottery" or "for pottery", from "κέραμος" (keramos), "potter's clay, tile, pottery" which is said to derive from the Indo-European word *cheros (unattested), meaning heat. The earliest mention on the word "ceramic" is the Mycenaean Greek ke-ra-me-we, "workers of ceramics", written in Linear b syllabic script. Ceramic may be used as an adjective describing a material, product or process; or as a singular noun, or, more commonly, as a plural noun, ceramics.